Speech specific auditory processing where is it

Shafer, M. Morr, D. Kurtzberg, R. Electrophysiological indices of discrimination of long-duration, phonetically similar vowels in children with typical and atypical language development. J Speech Lang Hear Res, 53 , pp. Banai, T. Nicol, S.

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Therefore, the right and left ears were evaluated separately. The "pattern of frequency" test, was used to evaluate temporal auditory processing and was presented binaurally right and left ears simultaneously. To accomplish the stated objectives, the statistical method used attempted to compare groups in face of the performance in the evaluation of central auditory processing.

This way, the descriptive analyses of children's age and of results of the tests were carried out through the construction of tables with observed values from descriptive statistics: mean, standard deviation, minimum, median and maximum.

To compare the means of the tests in the three groups, and in the two ears evaluated, techniques of analysis of variance ANOVA and of analysis of variance with repeated measures ANOVA repeated measure , respectively, were applied.

The sign was used to show a trend towards significance. The subjects' age had a similar distribution among the three groups; mean and standard deviation of 8. Table 1 shows the descriptive statistics of data obtained by the three groups in the "figure with noise" test.

However, this effect of laterality was statistically significant only for SLI group. Through the Tukey's post-hoc test, we observed that, for the right ear, this significance lies only in comparisons between TD and the other two groups. Through the Tukey's post-hoc test, we noted that, for the right ear, that significance lies only in comparisons between TD and APD 0. Then, we compared the results obtained in PFT in these three groups. It should be noted that the percentages presented are the result of the use of the test in binaural form.

In Table 2 the descriptive statistics of data obtained by the three groups in the pattern of frequency test are listed.

Thumbnail Table 2 Descriptive statistics of the percentage of correct answers to pattern of frequency test in the three groups. The results of the behavioral evaluation of the central auditory processing showed that the performance obtained by APD C and SLI groups were worse when compared to the TD group. These results seem to confirm our hypothesis, which is supported by many studies indicating that changes in central auditory processing coexist with language disorders.

Bellis TJ. New York; Pocket Books. In that the temporal processing is involved in each test used in this study to assess auditory processing, we raise two hypotheses. The first is related to studies of Tallal 3 3. According to his studies, changes in temporal processing result in compromises in the perception of phonemes and of other aspects of language and reading, which depend on a precise phonemic representation.

However, the Tallal hypothesis 3 3. Some studies using evoked potentials, 9 9. Auditory temporal resolution in pecifically language-impaired and age-matched children. Percept Mot Skills. The second hypothesis suggests the presence of other disabilities in children with SLI in addition to those responsible for the auditory processing. According to Bishop et al. This would explain the fact that some children show changes in auditory processing and normal language development.

In the current study, the statistically significant differences between APD and SLI groups were not supported by the results of Ferguson et al. Behavioral profiles associated with auditory processing disorder and specific language impairment.

J Commun Disord. These researchers found no differences between APD and SLI groups for measures of language, communication, cognitive skills, and auditory processing skills, among others. Despite this apparent controversy, it seems an indisputable fact that children with SLI have difficulty in their processing stimuli that are brief or presented rapidly, 1 1.

Neurosci Lett. Another feature found only by the SLI group in our research was a poorer performance of the left ear compared to the right ear, both for monotic and for dichotic tests.

Hemispheric differences are evident in the normal processing of speech sounds, 17 Acquired word deafness, and the temporal grain of sound representation in the primary auditory cortex. Kimura D. Cerebral dominance and the perception of verbal stimuli.

Canadian Journal of Psychology. This advantage occurs because the speech auditory stimuli, captured by the right ear, are directly processed in the left hemisphere the main hemisphere responsible for speech processing , through the actions of the contralateral pathways.

When the speech sounds are captured by the left ear, are primarily directed to the right hemisphere RH first, and later, via the corpus callosum, are processed in the left hemisphere. This asymmetry between ears would be expected to decrease with increasing age; this is a likely marker of maturity and of hearing process improvement. Moncrieff DW. Dichotic listening in children: Age-related changes in direction and magnitude of ear advantage. Brain Cogn. Thus, we could suggest that the differences between the ears, found in our study considering only children with SLI, would be consistent with abnormalities in the transmission of auditory information from the non-dominant ear toward the dominant hemisphere for speech processing via corpus callosum, 20 Morton LL.

Interhemispheric balance patterns detected by selective phonemic dichotic laterality measures in four clinical subtypes of reading disabled children. J Clin Exp Neuroychol. Roup CM. Dichotic Word recognition in noise and the right ear advantage.

ARIA has also been effective at helping some patients with Dichotic Dysaudia by helping them focus during challenging listening situations. Speech understanding in background noise is also aided with ARIA and there are other programs that can assist with speech understanding that we recommend for our patients.

We can provide a recommendation for a RMHA and arrange the purchase of one if necessary. See hearing assistance technologies. Patients wearing two hearing aids can be assessed for auditory processing and if amblyaudia is identified, they can participate in ARIA to improve the balance between their two ears when processing information.

Testing for auditory processing cannot diagnose but might suggest other problems such as attention deficit disorder, autism spectrum disorder, and working memory difficulty. We address these issues and make recommendations for additional testing.